Titanium Alloys Grade 2

Grade 2 | UNS R50400 | ASTM B265 GR2 | DIN 3.7035 | AMS 4902 | ASTM F67 | MIL-T-9046CP3

Introduction

Commercially pure titanium alloys contain small amounts of oxygen and iron that influence mechanical properties. Each commercial grade is produced to provide properties suited for different applications.

Grade 2 Unalloyed Ti (“Pure”) 50A alloy is the most commonly used and widely available grade of unalloyed titanium. It is non-magnetic. This alloy has been approved for sour service use under the NACE MR-01-75 Standard.

Grade 2 is widely used because it combines excellent formability and moderate strength with superior corrosion resistance. This combination of properties makes CP Grade 2 titanium a candidate for a large variety of chemical and marine as well as aerospace and medical applications.

Titanium Grade 2  UNS R50400, Of the four commercially pure (C.P.) titanium grades, Grade 2 is typically used in applications that require superior corrosion resistance in various aggressive media. Corrosion resistance is similar between these four C.P. grades but mechanical properties vary along with varying oxygen and iron contents.

Typical applications for the “C.P.” grades include chemical process, petroleum refining, biomedical as well as heat exchangers in an array of different applications. Continuous service temperatures can reach up to 800°F with occasional, intermittent service at 1000°F.

Titanium’s C.P. grades corrosion resistance comes from a strongly adherent, stable, protective oxide film, which forms in the presence of oxygen. This film makes the commercially pure titanium grades resistant to most oxidizing, neutral and inhibited reducing as well as mildly reducing environments. Strong reducing media may cause heavy corrosion.

The following sections will discuss in detail about grade 2 Unalloyed Ti (“Pure”) 50A alloy.

Chemical Composition

Element Content (%)
Titanium, Ti ≥ 98.9
Iron, Fe ≤ 0.30
Oxygen, O ≤ 0.25
Carbon, C ≤ 0.080
Nitrogen, N ≤ 0.030
Hydrogen, H ≤ 0.015

Mechanical Properties

Properties Metric Imperial
Tensile strength 485 MPa 70300 psi
Yield strength 345 MPa 50000 psi
Poisson’s ratio 0.34-0.40 0.34-0.40
Elastic modulus 105 – 120 GPa 15200 – 17400 ksi
Elongation at break 28% 28%
Hardness (HV) 160-200 160-200

Machinability

As a family, titanium and its alloys have developed a mystique as a nightmare to machine. This is simply not the case. Experienced operators have compared its characteristics to those found in 316 stainless steel. Recommended practice includes high coolant flow(to offset the material’s low thermal conductivity), slow speeds and relatively high feed rates. Tooling should be tungsten carbide designations C1-C4 or cobalt type high speed tools.

Physical Properties

Properties Metric Imperial
Density 4.51 g/cm3 0.163 lb/in3
Melting point 1660°C 3020°F

Cold Working

The cold work characteristics of this material is similar to that of a moderately tempered austenitic stainless steel. In multiple cold forming operations, intermediate stress relief is recommended to prevent tearing or other material damage. Post-work annealing is required to reattain optimum performance characteristics

Applications

  • Navy ship parts
  • Food processing/pharmaceutical
  • Chemical processing equipment
  • Anode/cathode/cell parts
  • Aircraft ducting, hydraulic, and tubing
  • Air pollution control equipment
  • Hydrocarbon refining/processing
  • Pulp/paper bleaching/washing equipment
  • Power plant cooling system components
  • Desalination, brine concentration/evaporation
  • Hydrometallurgical extraction/electrowinning
  • Medical implants/devices, surgical instruments
  • Consumer products
  • Sports/recreational equipment
  • Offshore hydrocarbon production/drilling

Specifications

  • UNS R50400
  • ASTM B265
  • AMS 4941
  • MIL T-9047
  • DIN 3.7035
  • ASTM F467 (Ti-2)

 

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